personAuthor: Process Fellows
MAN.5 – Risk Management ensures that potential risks are systematically identified, analyzed, and treated throughout the project. It includes defining suitable methods (e.g. FMEA), evaluating risk acceptance, and taking corrective actions to reduce impact. The process creates transparency and supports informed decision-making.
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PF_MAN.5_Risk Management_Extract.pdf Short Overview of the MAN.5 Risk Management Process covering base practices, some examples and a comparion between Automotive SPICE® version 3.1 and 4.0
# PROCESS PURPOSE
The purpose is to Regularly identify, analyze, treat and monitor process related (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) and product related (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.).
# PROCESS OUTCOMES
O1
The sources of (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) are identified and regularly updated.
O2
Potential undesirable events are identified as they develop during the conduct of the (Project = Endeavor with defined start and finish dates undertaken to create a product or service in accordance with specified resources and requirements.).
O3 (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) are analyzed and the priority in which to apply resources to treatment of these (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) is determined.
O4 (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) (Measure = An activity to achieve a certain intent.) are defined, applied, and assessed to determine changes in the status of (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) and the progress of the (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) treatment activities.
O5
Appropriate treatment is taken to correct or avoid the impact of (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) based on its priority, probability, and consequence or other defined (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) threshold.
# BASE PRACTICES
BP1
Identify sources of risks. (
O1 )
Identify and regularly update the sources of (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) with affected parties. Note 1: (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) may include technical, economical, and schedule (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.). Note 2: (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) may include the suppliers’ (Deliverable = Any unique and verifiable product, result, or capability to perform a service that must be produced to complete a process, phase, or project. Often used more narrowly in reference to an external deliverable, which is a deliverable that is subject to approval by the project sponsor or customer.) and services. Note 3: The (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) sources may vary across the entire (Project = Endeavor with defined start and finish dates undertaken to create a product or service in accordance with specified resources and requirements.) life cycle.
BP2
Identify potential undesirable events. (
O2 )
Identify potential undesirable events within the scope of the (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) management for the (Project = Endeavor with defined start and finish dates undertaken to create a product or service in accordance with specified resources and requirements.).
Linked Knowledge Nuggets: arrow_forward "Examples of potential undesirable events"
personAuthor: Process Fellows
Throughout the entire project lifecycle, various undesirable events may occur, affecting internal and/ or external stakeholders. These events can be categorized for example into process-related and technical product-related ones.
Process-Related Undesirable Events:
These refer to disruptions or deviations in project execution and collaboration:
Project progress deviates from the planned schedule or effort estimates.
Resources, including personnel, are unavailable when needed.
Commitments made by development partners are at risk of not being fulfilled.
Technical Product-Related Undesirable Events:
These concern the quality and suitability of the delivered product:
Defective product is delivered to the customer.
Requirements are incomplete or missing and therefore the product does not provide the needed capabilities.
Changes in the product lead to unintended impacts on product's behavior.
BP3
Determine risks. (
O3 )
Determine the probability and severity of the undesirable events to support priorities for the mitigation of the (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.). Note 4: Different methods may be used to analyze technical (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) of a system, for example, functional analysis, simulation, FMEA, FTA etc.
BP4
Define risk treatment options. (
O4, O5 )
For each (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) select a treatment option to accept, mitigate, avoid, or share (transfer) the (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.).
Define and perform (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) activities for (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) treatment options.
Regularly re-evaluate the (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) related to the identified potential undesirable events to determine changes in the status of a (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) and to evaluate the progress of the (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) treatment activities. Note 5: (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) of high priority may need to be communicated to and monitored by higher levels of management.
personAuthor: Process Fellows
Risk registers are not enough. MAN.5.BP6 expects continuous monitoring, i.e. a regular update, including mitigation actions. Use heat maps, risk burndown charts, and regular risk reviews.
arrow_forward "Why is a regular risk monitoring helpful?"
personAuthor: Process Fellows
Risks should be tracked regularly in risk management for several important reasons:
Risks Can Evolve Over Time:
Risks are not static. Their likelihood, impact, or relevance can change due to internal or external factors such as project progress, market shifts, regulatory updates, or technical developments. Regular tracking ensures that the risk profile remains accurate and up to date.
Enables Timely Mitigation:
By monitoring risks continuously, teams can respond quickly when a risk becomes more critical or imminent. This allows for proactive mitigation strategies rather than reactive crisis management.
Supports Decision-Making:
Updated risk information helps stakeholders make informed decisions about priorities, resource allocation, and contingency planning. It ensures that decisions are based on current realities rather than outdated assumptions.
BP7
Take corrective action. (
O5 )
When (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) treatment activities are not effective, take appropriate corrective action. Note 6: Corrective actions may involve reevaluation of (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.), developing and implementing new mitigation concepts or adjusting the existing concepts.
# OUTPUT INFORMATION ITEMS
15-51
Analysis results (
O1, O2, O3, O5 )
Identification of the object under analysis.
The analysis criteria used, e.g.:
selection criteria or prioritization scheme used
decision criteria
quality criteria
The analysis results, e.g.:
what was decided/selected
reason for the selection
assumptions made
potential negative impact
Aspects of the analysis may include
correctness
understandability
verifiability
feasibility
validity
Used by these processes:
ACQ.4 Supplier Monitoring
HWE.1 Hardware Requirements Analysis
HWE.2 Hardware Design
MAN.5 Risk Management
MAN.6 Measurement
MLE.1 Machine Learning Requirements Analysis
MLE.2 Machine Learning Architecture
PIM.3 Process Improvement
SWE.1 Software Requirements Analysis
SWE.2 Software Architectural Design
SYS.1 Requirements Elicitation
SYS.2 System Requirements Analysis
SYS.3 System Architectural Design
14-02
Corrective action (
O4, O5 )
Identifies the initial problem
Identifies the ownership for completion of defined action
Defines a solution (series of actions to fix problem)
Identifies the open date and target closure date
Contains a status indicator
Indicates follow up audit actions
Used by these processes:
ACQ.4 Supplier Monitoring
MAN.3 Project Management
MAN.5 Risk Management
SUP.1 Quality Assurance
08-55
Risk measure (
O4, O5 )
Identifies
the (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) to be mitigated, avoided, or shared (transferred)
the activities to mitigate, avoid, or share (transfer) the (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.)
the originator of the (Measure = An activity to achieve a certain intent.)
criteria for successful implementation
criteria for cancellation of activities
frequency of monitoring
(Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) treatment alternatives:
treatment option selected- avoid/reduce/transfer
alternative descriptions
recommended alternative(s)
justifications
Used by these processes:
MAN.5 Risk Management
15-09
Risk status (
O1, O3, O4, O5 )
Identifies the status, or the change, of an identified (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.):
(Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) statement
(Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) source
(Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) impact and (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) probability
categories and (Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) thresholds, e.g., for prioritization or setting a status
(Risk = The combination of the probability of occurrence and the consequences of a given future undesirable event.) treatment activities in progress